激光选区融化成形多孔硬骨支架的建模、仿真及实验研究

金属3D打印技术成为当前最具有发展潜力和发展前景的工业制造技术之一,通过SLM激光选区烧结技术,选取合理的烧结参数,将金属粉末烧结成型。建立了不同孔径的多孔支架复杂三维模型,并通过有限元分析进行应力、应变的模拟分析,获得了优化后的多孔支架三维模型,为后续的实验研究分析建立理论基础,然后通过SLM烧结技术制备316L不锈钢多孔支架,通过后期热处理实验、压缩试验、金相实验,对多孔试样进行力学性能分析、硬度测试以及表面微观组织分析。通过模拟分析获得优化后的多孔支架孔径尺寸,获得了更适于人体骨骼缺损部位承重的多孔支架,可对后续研究进行指导。实验研究发现300μm孔径支架强度和弹性模量都高于天然骨,而成形多孔结构的金属件保证了骨骼修复体的生物力学性能,具有良好的力学性能。     

Ti-6Al-4V合金多道次热轧过程有限元模拟与实验

采用热力耦合方法对Ti-6Al-4V合金进行了多道次热轧模拟,研究了不同道次温度和等效塑性应变的分布特点。模拟结果表明,轧制过程表面温度低于心部的温度,随轧制道次的增加,表面温度整体表现为降低过程,中心温度整体表现为先升高后降低过程。中心位置比表面位置的等效塑性应变大,表面位置与中心位置的等效塑性应变均随变形道次的增加而增大。结果表明,随着轧制道次的增加,中心显微组织变形大于表面。中心区域组织易于发生动态球化。     

矿用锚杆钻机机械臂结构设计与有限元分析

介绍了矿用锚杆钻机的整体结构和机械臂的结构设计及工作原理,并且针对机械臂的一些关键部件在具体工况下进行严格的静力学强度校核,分析结果表明:机械臂的刚度和结构强度满足机械臂的运动要求,为机械臂后续结构设计和改进提供合理的理论依据,更为机械臂运动和控制奠定基础。     

俯采工况对采煤机导向滑靴的影响

介绍了采煤机导向滑靴在俯采工况使用过程中存在的问题,并对暴露出来的问题运用ANSYS有限元分析软件进行了静力学分析,结合力学分析结果提出合理化建议,为导向滑靴薄弱部位的优化设计提供理论基础,从而提高导向滑靴在复杂地质条件下的适应性与可靠性。     

Prediction of hot tearing susceptibility of direct chill casting of AA6111 alloys via finite element simulations

To predict hot tearing susceptibility (HTS) during solidification and improve the quality of Al alloy castings, constitutive equations for AA6111 alloys were developed using a direct finite element (FE) method. A hot tearing model was established for direct chill (DC) casting of industrial AA6111 alloys via coupling FE model and hot tearing criterion. By applying this model to real manufacture processes, the effects of casting speed, bottom cooling, secondary cooling, and geometric variations on the HTS were revealed. The results show that the HTS of the billet increases as the speed and billet radius increase, while it reduces as the interfacial heat transfer coefficient at the bottom or secondary water-cooling rate increases. This model shows the capabilities of incorporating maximum pore fraction in simulating hot tearing initiation, which will have a significant impact on optimizing casting conditions and chemistry for minimizing HTS and thus controlling the casting quality.     

Pore-scale modeling of competition and cooperation of multispecies biofilms for nutrients in changing environments

In this article, we developed a pore-scale model of integrated lattice Boltzmann method and cellular automata to investigate competitive growth of aerobic nitrite and ammonium oxidizers in a bioreactor. The results showed that inlet nutrient concentrations have significant effects on maximum biofilm concentration, ratio of microorganisms' concentrations, growth pattern, and time. The local availability of oxygen could control the competition, resulting in different growth patterns. The coexistence of ammonium and nitrite in same inlet zone increased not only the biofilm concentration (7%) but also the ratio of microorganisms' concentrations (36%). Although this coexistence decreased the total biofilm concentration in some cases, it increased the growth rate about 25%. Changes of the maximum biomass concentration could change biofilm concentration of about 40% and microorganisms' concentrations ratio of about 30%. This framework provides a powerful tool to improve our understanding of dynamic interdependency of many complex microbial consortia systems with environments.     

基于Druck-Prager和MISO模型的混凝土 三轴压缩行为有限元模拟

本文采用有限元分析软件ANSYS模拟了不同围压(0,25.5,51.2 MPa)条件下素混凝土圆柱试样压缩响应特征。首先,综合对比分析了Druck-Prager模型及多线性强化(MISO)模型的模拟效果。此外,进一步基于MISO模型分析了混凝土试件端部约束条件对模拟结果的影响。最终得到的主要结论包括:(1)单轴压缩条件下,有限元模拟结果与试验结果一致性较好,且Druck-Prager模型更适宜模拟混凝土体应变特征;(2)施加围压时,MISO模型所得抗压强度较保守,而Druck-Prager模型高估了混凝土抗压强度;(3)就MISO模型而言,端部摩擦约束对混凝土应力—应变曲线无显著影响,但会加剧混凝土体积膨胀(剪胀)。     

Finite element modeling of thermo-active diaphragm walls

There are two major challenges faced by modern society: energy security, and lowering carbon dioxide gas emissions. Thermo-active diaphragm walls have a large potential to remedy one of these problems, since they are a renewable energy technology that uses underground infrastructure as a heat exchange medium. However, extensive research is required to determine the effects of cyclic heating and cooling on their geotechnical and structural performance. In this paper, a series of detailed finite element analyses are carried out to capture the fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical response of the ground and diaphragm wall. It is demonstrated that the thermal operation of the diaphragm wall causes changes in soil temperature, thermal expansion/shrinkage of pore water, and total stress applied on the diaphragm wall. These, in turn, cause displacements of the diaphragm wall and variations of the bending moments. However, these effects on the performance of diaphragm wall are not significant. The thermally induced bending strain is mainly governed by the temperature differential and uneven thermal expansion/shrinkage across the wall.     

带式输送机驱动滚筒的有限元分析

针对带式输送机驱动滚筒轴向受力情况,提出了正态分布模型,结合ANSYS-APDL的语言编辑能力,用ANSYS Workbench对均匀分布、一阶正弦分布和正态分布的4种模型进行有限元分析,得到驱动滚筒应力应变图及位移变形的对比情况,为日后实验验证与优化设计提供理论支持。     

基于双向耦合的东安513型发动机整机多物理场研究

以东安513型汽油发动机整机为例,基于ANSYS有限元分析软件对其进行流体场、瞬态温度场以及瞬态结构场的多物理场双向耦合研究,实现了对发动机实际工况下的有限元分析。研究了发动机整机在实际工况下的受力以及密封情况,并对现有发动机组合结构存在的密封缺陷进行优化调整。文中详细阐述了在分析过程中涉及到的关键技术和要点,并最终获得了发动机整机实际工作状态下的多个结果云图。根据分析结果云图可以发现,发动机在热载荷、螺栓预紧力以及爆破压力的共同影响下,会使整机发生一定的形变,这种变形会影响其工作状况下的密封性能。通过对分析结果的研究,最终选择调整螺栓预紧力的大小和分布来提高发动机密封性能。